بسم لله الرحمان الرحيم
In the name of Almighty God, the most gracious, the most merciful. All praise be to God, the Lord of all worlds. We give Him our praise, we seek his guidance, we seek forgiveness, and we seek refuge in Him from the evil within ourselves and the evil within our deeds. No one whom He guides can be misguided, and no one whom He allows to go astray, can be guided. I testify that there is nothing worthy of worship except almighty God, and I testify that Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, is his slave and messenger.
Allah (swt) has told us in the holy Qur'an, that He has sent many prophets to mankind. He has said that to every nation, there were prophets, who taught the message of "La ilaha illa Allah", or "there is none worthy of worship except Almighty God". Allah (swt) tells us that these prophets were sent from amongst us, to tell us, and maybe more importantly to show us how to live according to Allah's will. It is not known how many prophets there were exactly, but Allah (swt) mentions 25 of them by name in the Qur'an. Insha'Allah I will be talking about many of them in coming khutbahs, but today I will start with the first prophet of Allah, our primordial father Adam, peace be upon him.
Adam (as) is unique from all other prophets in that he did not come to any "nation" or "tribe", as there were no nations or tribes yet. But it was him, and his family that would set the stage for the creation of all of those nations and tribes. Allah (swt) relates the story of Adam's creation in Surat Al Baqarah verses 30-39. Allah (swt) says, "Remember when your Lord said to the angels: 'Verily, I am going to place mankind generations after generations on earth.' They said: 'Will You place therein those who will make mischief therein and shed blood, while we glorify You with praises and thanks (exalted be You above all that they associate with You as partners) and sanctify You.' Allah said: 'I know that which you do not know.'
Allah taught Adam all the names of everything, then He showed them to the angels and said: "Tell Me the names of these if you are truthful." They (angels) said: "Glory be to You, we have no knowledge except what You have taught us. Verily, it is You, the All-Knower, the All-Wise."
He said: "O Adam! Inform them of their names," and when he had informed them of their names, He said: "Did I not tell you that I know the unseen in the heavens and the earth, and I know what you reveal and what you have been hiding?"
Remember when We said to the angels: "Prostrate yourself before Adam" They prostrated except Iblis, he refused and was proud and was one of the disbelievers(disobedient to Allah)."
We said: "O Adam! Dwell you and your wife in the Paradise and both of you freely with pleasure and delight of things therein as wherever you will but come not near this tree or you both will be of the Zalimeen (wrongdoers)."
Then the Satan made them slip there from (the Paradise), and got them out from that in which they were. We said: "Get you down all with enmity between yourselves. On earth will be a dwelling place for you and an enjoyment for a time."
Then Adam received from his Lord Words. His Lord pardoned him (accepted his repentance). Verily He is the One Who forgives (accepts repentance), the most Merciful.
We said: "Get down all of you from this place (the Paradise), then whenever there comes to you Guidance from Me, and whoever follows My Guidance there shall be no fear on them, nor shall they grieve. But those who disbelieve and belie Our Ayah (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, and signs and revelations, etc) such are the dwellers of the Fire, they shall abide therein forever."
This is the story of our beginning. How human beings came to be the inheritors of the Earth. These verses from the Holy Qur'an also demonstrate to us the beginning of our war with Shaitan, Iblis. Allah (swt) relates the same story in Surat Al A'raaf verses 11-25 in more detail. It reads, "And surely, We created you (your father Adam) and then gave you shape (the noble shape of a human being), then We told the angels, "Prostrate to Adam", and they prostrated, except Iblis, he refused to be those who prostrate.
Allah said: "What prevented you (O Iblis) that you did not prostrate when I commanded you?"
Iblis said: "I am better than him (Adam), You created me from fire and him You created from clay."
Allah said: "O Iblis get down from this (Paradise), it is not for you to be arrogant here. Get out for you are of those humiliated and disgraced."
Iblis said: "Allow me respite till the Day they are raised up (Day of Resurrection)."
Allah said: "You are of those allowed respite."
Iblis said: "Because You have sent me astray, surely I will sit in wait against them (human beings) on Your Straight Path. Then I will come to them from before them and behind them, from their right and from their left and You will not find most of them as thankful ones (they will not be dutiful to You)."
Allah said: "Get out from Paradise, disgraced and expelled. Whoever of them (mankind) will follow you, then surely I will fill Hell with you all."
"And O Adam! Dwell you and your wife in Paradise, and eat thereof as you both wish, but approach not this tree otherwise you both will be of the Zalimeen (unjust and wrongdoers)."
Then Satan whispered suggestions to them both in order to uncover that which was hidden from them of their private parts before, he said:" Your Lord did not forbid you this tree save you should become angels or become of the immortals." Satan swore by Allah to them both saying: "Verily I am one of the sincere well wishers for you both."
So he misled them with deception. Then when they tasted of the tree, that which was hidden from them of their shame (private parts) became manifest to them and they began to stick together the leaves of Paradise over themselves (in order to cover their shame). Their Lord called out to them saying "Did I not forbid you that tree and tell you, Verily Satan is an open enemy unto you?"
They said: "Our Lord! We have wronged ourselves. If You forgive us not, and bestow not upon us Your Mercy, we shall certainly be of the losers." Allah said: "Get down one of you an enemy to the other (i.e. Adam, Eve, and Satan etc). On earth will be a dwelling place for you and an enjoyment, for a time." He said: "therein you shall live, and therein you shall die, and from it you shall be brought out (resurrected)."
From these immortal words of our Lord, we see that from the beginning, what an evil enemy we have in Iblis, Al Shaitan. We see that Iblis made a solemn oath to Allah (swt) to be a constant distraction to us as human beings along the path of righteousness. He said he would "sit in wait against them or your straight path. Then I will come to them from before them and behind them, and from their left and from their right".
This is probably one of the most important lessons we can take away from the story of our father Adam. That Iblis, Shaitan, Satan, the Devil, Lucifer, Diablo, whatever you call him, is the sworn enemy of our race. We must make no mistake about it. The fruits of his labor exist all around us. Everywhere we look we see them. On TV, in books, in our communities, in our families and even in ourselves. We must always remember that Shaitan is evil, but by no means stupid. Shaitan is more clever than any of us realize. The prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, said in his final sermon, "Shaitan has given up on deceiving you in bigger things (i.e. worshipping statues, and the like), so beware of the smaller things". We must constantly be aware of Shaitan's influence in our lives and let this story of Sayyidina Adam being an illustration and reminder to that.
Another important lesson we see from this story is that of the Angels place with Allah (swt). We see at first, the Angels to some extent questioned God's decision to create Adam, as he and thus his progeny would have the ability to disobey God. Angels don't have this ability. They are created with the sole purpose of carrying out Allah's command. Allah told the Angels, "I know that which you do not know", meaning that Allah knew what human beings were capable of, and therein lies the lesson. We as human beings have the potential to even greater in the sight of Allah, then the Angels. Because, we have the ability to disobey, yet some "choose" to obey; something that the Angels don't have. This fact is illustrated in that the Angels and all in the Heavens were ordered to prostrate themselves to Adam, not in worship of course because all worship is strictly for Allah, but in respect and admiration. This was Allah's way of demonstrating to them and to us through the telling of the story in the Qur'an, how truly esteemed we are in the sight of Allah, as a creation. At our best, we have the ability to surpass the Angels, however at the same time, at our worst, we are lower than animals. Allah (swt) also created all the different animals of the Earth, but they are given instinct, or built in instructions on how to survive and multiply. They are programmed if you will. They do not have the ability to override that programming. We as human beings also have that same programming but we have extra components such as reason, love, and lusts that can allow us to override that programming either for good or bad. We have the ability to behave in ways that make us lower than those animals. For example, if a dog tries to take a bear's fish, the bear will do whatever it can to try to ward of the dog before getting the fish. However, if the dog makes off with the fish, the bear isn't going to hunt down that bear years later and try to kill him. Human beings, however will do that. So in short this part of the story of prophet Adam (as) demonstrates to us the unique and esteemed position we as human beings hold in the spectrum of Allah's creations.
It is also documented in the Sahih al Bukhari on the authority of Abi Musa Sha'arai that the prophet Muhammad (sws) said, "Allah created Adam from a handful of dust (dirt) taken from different lands, so the children of Adam (human beings) have been created according to the composition of the land. Therefore from mankind we have white, red, black and yellow ones; good and evil, ease and sorrow, and all that comes between." So another lesson that can be deduced from the addition of this hadith is that the nature of our creation, is what lead to the variety of our colors. If you travel the Earth, you will many different kinds of soil. Indeed there are places where the soil appears red; there are places where the soil appears black, and there are places where the soil appears light brown and sometimes almost white, but regardless of the color, all of this soil is basically the same; made primarily of carbon and water. So it is also with human beings, and also we are made primarily of carbon and water. This goes to show how truly equal we are. There are no races amongst us as human beings, we are all one race, the human race.
It is almost impossible to talk about Adam, without talking about his wife Hawa, or as she is known in English, Eve. Allah talks briefly about her creation in the Qur'an. He says in the first verse of Surat An Nisa "O Mankind! Be dutiful to your Lord, Who created you from a single person (Adam) and from Him (Adam) He created his wife (Eve), and from them both He created many men and women." Allah (swt) also says in Surat Al A'raaf verse 189, "It is he Who has created you from a single person (Adam) and then He created from him his wife (Eve), in order that he might enjoy the pleasure of living with her." These verses from Allah's book show us that with the creation of Hawa, men and women were eternally linked as partners. In the Biblical tradition it was supposedly Hawa who was deceived by the serpent (i.e. Iblis), and that she fed some of it to Adam. This misrepresentation has led to centuries of persecution and dehumanization of women within both the Jewish and Christian traditions. Many Christians even up to today believe that the woman's menstrual cycle is "punishment" for their disobedience to God in the beginning. Also the Biblical story implies that Adam was unaware that the fruit he was eating was that of the forbidden tree and therefore their fall from Eden, or Paradise, was entirely her fault. Because of that mentality women have been subjugated and abused constantly throughout Biblical history. The Qur'an sets the record straight that they were BOTH equally responsible for disobeying Allah (swt); that Adam was just as guilty as Hawa, and this is the foundation of the role of the Male and the Female according to the deen of Islam.
Adam (as) was the original father. He and Hawa bore many children. Of which two named Cain and Abel became very famous. Allah (swt) says in the Qur'an in Surat al Ma'idah verses 27-31, "And (O Muhammad) recite to them (the Jews) the story of the two sons of Adam (Abel and Cain) in truth; when each offered a sacrifice to Allah, it was accepted from the one but not from the other. The latter said to the former; "I will surely kill you."
the former said: "Verily Allah accepts only from those who are Al Muttaqeen (the pious). If you do stretch your hand against me to kill me I shall never stretch my hand against you to kill you, for I fear Allah; the Lord of the Alameen (mankind, jinn, and all that exists). Verily I intend to let you draw my sin on yourself as well as yours then you will be one of the dwellers of the Fire, and that is the recompense of the Zalimeen (polytheists, and wrongdoers)."
So the self of the other (latter one) encouraged him and made fair seeming to him the murder of his brother; he murdered him and became one of the losers. Allah sent a crow who scratched the ground to show him to hide the dead body of his brother. He (the murderer) said: "Woe to me! Am I not even able to be as this crow and to hide the dead body of my brother?" Then he became one of those who regretted." This event, the first murder, set the stage for the long history of humanity to come. Bloodshed has definitely been a chief characteristic of human beings, just as the Angels had feared. But through it all; despite all the droves of evil, misguided men and women their have been, there have always been those who heeded the message of Allah (swt) revealed through his many prophets. Noah, Moses, Abraham, Solomon, Jesus, and ending with Muhammad; all of them calling to the same basic and fundamental principal; "La ilaha illa Allah", "There is none worthy of worship except Almighty God". Let us all reflect on the story of Sayyidina Adam, peace be upon him, as a lesson to us about who we are, where we have come from, and where we aught to be moving into the future, towards the inevitable judgment day that awaits.
...And Allah Knows Best...
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